Inventor of water clock and astrolabe ? We will answer this one by one. Water clocks depend on observing celestial bodies, telling time and determining day and night, while an astrolabe is an astronomical instrument whose uses include finding and predicting the positions of the stars and the sun. . Determine local time based on local longitude, survey and measurement.

Inventor of water clock and astrolabe

The pharaohs were the first to use a water clock to mark time, and al-Farzi was the first to develop the astrolabe.Both inventions are old historical inventions that benefited people for decades and years, then they were developed into new inventions that were discovered without much effort as before, which determine and predict time based on specific measurements.

What is a water clock?

Water clocks are one of the oldest clocks for observing celestial bodies, since the oldest of them was found in the tomb of Amenhotep, who was buried in 1500 BC, that is, invented by the pharaohs, and later the Greeks called them clepsydras (“the water thief”). It began to be used in 325 BC. Water clocks are stone with sloping sides. Consists of vessels that allow water to drip from a small hole in the bottom at an almost constant rate. Other water clocks are cylindrical or bowl-shaped containers designed to slowly fill with water at a constant rate. Marks were on the inner surface to measure an hour whenever the water level reached this mark. These clocks were used to determine the hour. Night. There is another version of clocks. The water bottle is a metal container with a hole in the bottom. If you put water in a bowl, the bowl fills and sinks. This clock is still in use in North Africa until this century. More elaborate water clocks were developed by Greek and Roman astronomers between 100 BC and 500 AD. An additional complication is making the flow more stable by regulating the pressure. Scenes were created over time, bells were used or doors and windows opened, figures of small figures or moving pointers, discs and astronomical models of the universe showed the end of time.

What is an astrolabe?

Astrolabe is a historical astronomical instrument and an ancient analog computer. Its many uses include locating and predicting the positions of the stars and the sun, determining local time by looking at local longitude, surveying and measuring. The astrolabe was the main navigational tool until the invention of the sextant in the 16th century. Some historians attribute the invention of the astrolabe to Al-Farazi because he was the first to develop astrology. In the 15th century, Abraham Zaguto developed a metal astrolabe in Lisbon that improved the accuracy of the Arabic wooden astrolabe.

The astrolabe consists of a hollow disc called the tympanum, which is deep enough to hold one or more flat plates called the tympanum. The cylinder was created for a specific latitude and engraved with a stereoscopic projection of lines of equal thickness and height representing a portion of the celestial sphere above the local horizon, usually reducing the orbit to hours. Time, or the degrees of Sagittarius, or both, on the mother and tympanum there is a grid, a projection of the ecliptic, and a frame with several pointers indicating the positions of the stars. The webs are free to rotate, and some astrolabes can be distinguished by a narrow base that rotates above the web and an apermeter that rotates the web. As the stars and the path of the sun move on the tympanum over the coordinates of the celestial projections, and a complete cycle marks the passage of time, the astrolabe is one of the ancestors of the modern world. The back of the piece is often engraved with a number of scales useful in various astrolabe applications, the number of which varies from designer to designer, but includes curves for time changes, a calendar for converting the day of the month to an ecliptic, trigonometric scales, and a 360-degree scale around the back edge.

In the 15th century, French instrument maker Jean Vossouris (1365-1436 AD) began selling astrolabes in his Paris shop along with small sundials and other scientific instruments popular at the time.

Old time measuring devices

It is said that there has been time since or before the existence of man on earth, and that men measured time in different ways in different periods, initially it was measured by thinking of nature and may have been the first instrument for measuring time. The shortening of the stick or mountain shadow leads to noon. While the length of the shadows depicts the approach of night, the following is a view of ancient measuring devices:

• SundialsAround 1500 BC, simple sundials were used to divide the time interval between sunrise and sunset into 12 different parts. Ancient Egyptian clocks built around 3500 BC are the oldest clocks used to measure time.
• AstrolabeThe astrolabe was invented by Al-Farazi and was a multi-purpose astronomical instrument. The astrolabe was an elaborately engraved copper disk used to determine the positions of the stars and to calculate the time.
• Sand glassIt is a clock consisting of two conical mirrors connected vertically with a narrow neck, invented in the fourteenth century, and it can measure a certain period depending on the size and width of the mirror and the size of the mirror. . It contained sand inside, and this measuring instrument was considered more accurate than a water clock or a candle clock.
• Water clock: The inventors of the water clock were the Pharaohs, and it is known that the water clock existed in Egypt in the sixteenth century and was used to measure time by monitoring the continuous flow of water into or out of a container. Indicated in the container, but there were differences due to pressure flowing water.
• Candle hourCandles are marked with numbers and represent a specific period of time for the candle to burn. It is not known where candle clocks were first mentioned by the Chinese poet Yu Jiangu in 520 AD.
• PendulumIn 1602 Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei conducted a scientific study on the pendulum, where its motion was used to track time, and it was considered one of the world’s most accurate timekeeping inventions until 1930 AD. Christian Huygens invented the pendulum clock in 1658, which was used for 270 years and credited worldwide for its accuracy.
• QuartzIn the early twentieth century, Albert Einstein proposed the theory of relativity and defined time as a fourth dimension. Quartz clocks were developed in the 1930s and were an improved version of the pendulum clock. The quartz crystal must be placed in a suitable circuit to create a connection between the mechanical stress and the field. The electrode creates a vibration in the crystal to produce a constant frequency, which is used to power the display of the electronic clock.

At the end of this article, we summarize the most important points mentioned in it, where the answer to the question is determined. Who invented water clock and astrolabe? Along with learning about ancient time measuring devices, what is a water clock and what is an astrolabe.